Design Research
Service Design
Facilitation

Reducing Food Waste

A Case Study On Chicago

A Behavioral And Systems Design Approach

This project demonstrates the application of systems thinking and stakeholder engagement to address complex urban sustainability challenges, highlighting the importance of collaborative, data-driven approaches in driving meaningful change.

Role- Researcher | Systems Mapper | Strategy Developer | Facilitator

Tools- Stakeholder Mapping | Service Blueprints | PEST Analysis | Process Maps

Duration- 14 weeks (Before October 2023, when City of Chicago launched its first citywide composting program)

Challenge

Identifing current barriers and future opportunities for food waste reduction, reuse and recycling in Chicago’s food service industry.

Goal

Our goal was to identify system inefficiencies, propose practical solutions, and engage stakeholders to advance Chicago toward a waste-minimized, sustainable future.

Desired Impact

Aligning city officials, businesses, and community organizations to create actionable strategies for a sustainable, waste-minimized Chicago.

Food waste is not just an environmental issue; it’s a social and economic one, especially given the stark contrast between food scarcity and waste.

24%

of All Solid Waste is Food in the United States

30%-40%

of countries food supply goes to waste

This 66.3 M tons wasted food dumped in the landfills leads to food insecurity and imbalance in the social and economic structures by disproportionately leading to financial profits which sit squarely with the waste management industry and landfill owners. Community members lose land value and the political power of impacted communities is further reduced as a result.

In Chicago itself 55 M pounds of Food Waste From the Food Retail, Foodservice, and Residential Sectors Is Sent to Chicago City Landfills. Leaving many hungry.

19%

of Chicagoans Facing Food Insecurity

29%

of Chicagoans in Latinx Communities Facing Food Insecurity

37%

of Chicagoans in Black Communities Facing Food Insecurity

If we were able understand the reasons for the misalignments in the processes and other reasons for waste we can save multiple household from food insecurity.

This vast amount of wasted food in a city where many experience food insecurity highlights an urgent need for systemic change. Addressing these inefficiencies in how food is produced, distributed, and consumed is essential—not only to reduce landfill waste and greenhouse gas emissions but also to reallocate resources in ways that support communities and promote sustainability.

Approach

Systems Thinking

  • Mapping complex food flows from production to waste management


  • Examining relationships between diverse stakeholders


  • Identifying system inefficiencies


  • Considering both macro-level dynamics and micro-level behavioral factors.

Human-Centric Design

  • Stakeholder engagement through facilitated conversations


  • Analysis of user behaviors and preferences


  • Customizable options for diverse user needs.

  • Continuous feedback mechanisms for improvement

Evidence Based Design

  • Literature review on consumer behaviors and food waste interventions


  • Context-specific tailoring to Chicago's unique urban environment


  • Iterative refinement based on ongoing evaluation of real-world outcomes

Process

Barrier

Competing priorities across supply chain

Barrier

Competing priorities across supply chain

Food Matters Think Tank 1.0

(A Convening-Identifying Priorities & Barriers)

We started our project with the food matters think 1.0. It was a convening of diverse stakeholders, hosted by Auburn Gresham Healthy Lifestyle Hub. This was to understand and map out the varied priorities and barriers of the diverse stakeholders. We facilitated conversations with groups of stakeholders representing: City of Chicago & Policy, Food Service & Retail, Food Rescue & Community Organizations, Food Scrap Recycling.

Barrier

Competing priorities across supply chain

Priority

Strengthen stakeholder relations and engaging community

Barrier

Inconsistent flow of data

Priority

A roadmap for effective wasted food management

How might we align stakeholders to streamline knowledge sharing and help reduce waste in Chicago?

"

No existing policy on separating organic waste from other solid waste.

-city Official

Understanding our partners- City of Chicago

(One-on-ones with city officials)

Diverting food waste from landfills is a complex challenge requiring system-wide collaboration. Over ten weeks, we mapped food and waste flows in food service, capturing insights and priorities from project partners.

Our visualizations facilitated knowledge sharing, identified potential partnerships, and highlighted gaps, fostering collaboration. By focusing on waste reduction, food rescue, and recycling, we provided a comprehensive view of intervention points.

Analysing the gathered knowledge
Synthesising the knowledge gathered from all the three partners

The Final Roadmap

And the Derived Insights
  1. Policy complexity hinders practical sustainability efforts in food waste management.

  2. Communication gaps between city management and stakeholders challenge transparency and accountability.

  3. City policies often misalign with the actual needs of citizens and organizations, requiring adaptable solutions.

  4. Food service organizations face systemic challenges in sustainability, highlighting a need for increased support and resources.

Food Matters Think Tank 2.0

(A Convening-Identifying Priorities & Barriers)
How can we make composting solutions both accessible and adaptable for every household in the City?
How can we make composting solutions both accessible and adaptable for every household in the City?

After mapping the system and understanding our partners' needs, we began preparing for the second think tank. During this session, we brought together all partners to explore critical questions, such as: How can composting solutions be made accessible and adaptable for every household in the city? and What strategies can effectively engage food businesses in food rescue while reducing barriers?

Facilitating a discussion between policymakers and food activists was an eye-opening experience. Historically, these groups have often operated in silos, but our workshop aimed to bridge this divide. Through these dialogues, we gained valuable insights into the operational dynamics of various organizations.

The Opportunity spaces that arose

1

PLATFORMS FOR COLLABORATION & KNOWLEDGE SHARING

What if there were platforms showcasing successful food waste reduction case studies in Chicago?

2

DATA AS ENABLER

What if the food data was bade more adaptable and flexible to address the dat gaps and accommodate needs of diverse stakeholders?

Learnings

Support collaboration by providing resources and opportunities for community-driven problem-solving

Incentivize sustainable choices and expand access to resources

Support collaboration by providing resources and opportunities for community-driven problem-solving

Develop policies for further adoption of existing good practices and clear, transparent regulations

Impact

Through two think tanks and mapping exercises, we aligned our partners, the City of Chicago and NRDC, with community-driven organizations to explore shared goals and potential pathways. These activities helped identify gaps and deepen understanding of existing challenges through visualizations.

In October 2023, just three months after this project's completion, the City of Chicago launched its first citywide composting program.